Port Vila, Vanuatu – June 9, 2025

At this year’s Pacific Update 2025, a team of local researchers led by Balance of Power presented a powerful new study that challenges us to rethink how and why we vote. Titled “Unspoken Rules of Politics: Uncovering the Motivations of Voters in Vanuatu’s Elections”, the report offers a rare, community-driven insight into what influences ni-Vanuatu voters — and why women continue to face such steep barriers in politics.

A Homegrown Lens on Voter Behavior

The report — authored by Wilson Toa, Telstar Jimmy, Seman Dalesa Saraken, Alira Tevi, Vani Nailumu, Jennifer Kalpokas Doan, and Sonia Palmieri — brings together voices from across the provinces of Shefa, Sanma, Tafea, and Malampa. It uncovers the deeply rooted unwritten rules, social expectations, kastom beliefs, and political party pressures that voters navigate at every election.

It also sheds light on a political culture where:

• Secrecy of the vote is often compromised
• Bribery and clientelism distort democratic intentions
• Women face cultural, social, and institutional barriers
• Voters still long for change and inclusive governance

“This study gives us evidence, not just assumptions,” says Doan. “It shows how community norms, traditional authority, and political socialization shape decision-making—especially when it comes to women’s electability.”

Key Findings:

• Voter motivations are still heavily influenced by traditional chiefs, community leaders, and family expectations.
• Women are seen as voters, not leaders. Cultural norms and perceptions of capability play against their candidacy.
• MP expectations include reciprocity — being “present,” responsive, and personally helpful.
• There is growing youth disillusionment with both tradition and current political models.
• Bribery is normalized. Many see it as the only way to receive tangible returns from politics.

Looking Ahead: Pathways to Transformative Governance

Importantly, the report doesn’t just highlight problems — it points to community-driven solutions:

• More civic education that goes beyond how to mark a ballot.
• Party reforms to support women candidates and bring transparency.
• A renegotiation of the relationship between voters, MPs, and political parties.
• Recognition that inclusive leadership must be locally defined and driven.